Who makes subaru?
Updated: July 3, 2024Subaru is a brand that has cultivated a loyal following due to its unique blend of performance, reliability, and all-weather capability. But who is behind this remarkable automotive brand? Understanding the entity that makes Subaru involves delving into its corporate parent, its history, its manufacturing practices, and its global footprint.
Fuji Heavy Industries: The Parent Company
Subaru is owned by Subaru Corporation, formerly known as Fuji Heavy Industries (FHI). Subaru Corporation is a Japanese multinational corporation that is involved in various sectors, including aerospace, transportation, and industrial products. The company was founded in 1953, but its roots trace back even further to Nakajima Aircraft Company, which was established in 1917 and was a major supplier of aircraft during World War II.
FHI underwent several transformations post-war, eventually rebranding to Subaru Corporation in 2017. The name "Subaru" itself is derived from the Japanese name for the Pleiades star cluster, a nod to the six companies that merged to form FHI.
Subaru's Automotive Lineup
Subaru is best known for its range of automobiles, which include both passenger cars and SUVs. The brand is particularly renowned for its use of Boxer engines and symmetrical all-wheel drive (AWD) systems, which provide a lower center of gravity and better balance.
- Subaru Impreza: This compact car is available in sedan and hatchback body styles and is popular for its reliability and AWD capability.
- Subaru Outback: A crossover that blends the versatility of an SUV with the handling and comfort of a car. It has become one of Subaru's best-sellers.
- Subaru Forester: A compact SUV known for its spacious interior, safety features, and standard AWD.
- Subaru WRX: A performance-oriented sedan derived from rally racing, offering turbocharged engines and sport-tuned suspensions.
Manufacturing and Global Footprint
Subaru operates several manufacturing facilities across the globe. The primary plants are located in Japan and the United States.
Japan
The main manufacturing hub for Subaru in Japan is the Gunma Manufacturing Plant, located in Ōta, Gunma Prefecture. This facility is responsible for producing a significant portion of Subaru's global output, including models like the Impreza, WRX, and BRZ.
United States
Subaru of Indiana Automotive (SIA) in Lafayette, Indiana, is the company's only manufacturing plant outside Japan. Established in 1987, SIA produces the Subaru Outback, Legacy, Ascent, and Impreza models. This plant has been a cornerstone of Subaru's operations in North America, which is one of its largest markets.
Technological Innovations
Subaru is a pioneer in several automotive technologies that set it apart from competitors. Two key innovations include the Boxer engine and the Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system.
Boxer Engine
The Boxer engine, also known as a horizontally opposed engine, features a unique design where the pistons move horizontally in opposition to each other. This design provides several benefits, including a lower center of gravity, better balance, and reduced vibration. The Boxer engine is a hallmark of Subaru vehicles and contributes significantly to their handling characteristics.
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive
Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system is another defining feature. Unlike traditional AWD systems, Subaru's setup is inherently balanced, providing consistent power distribution to all four wheels. This results in improved traction, stability, and handling, especially in adverse weather conditions. The combination of the Boxer engine and Symmetrical AWD gives Subaru vehicles their distinctive driving dynamics.
Commitment to Safety
Subaru places a high emphasis on safety, both for occupants and pedestrians. The brand has earned numerous accolades for its safety features and crash test performance.
EyeSight Driver Assist Technology
One of Subaru's most advanced safety systems is EyeSight Driver Assist Technology. This system uses stereo cameras mounted near the rearview mirror to monitor traffic movement, optimize cruise control, and warn the driver if they are swaying outside their lane. EyeSight can also apply full braking force in emergency situations to prevent or mitigate collisions.
Vehicle Structure and Crash Safety
Subaru vehicles are designed with a strong emphasis on crash safety. The company uses high-strength steel and advanced engineering techniques to create a robust passenger compartment. Subaru models consistently receive top ratings from safety organizations like the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
Environmental Initiatives
Subaru has a strong commitment to environmental sustainability. The company has implemented several initiatives to reduce its environmental impact.
Zero-Landfill Manufacturing
Subaru of Indiana Automotive (SIA) was the first automotive assembly plant in the United States to achieve zero-landfill status. This means that no waste from the manufacturing process goes to landfill; instead, it is recycled or reused. This initiative is part of Subaru's broader commitment to environmental stewardship.
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
In response to growing demand for environmentally friendly vehicles, Subaru has introduced hybrid models and is working on electric vehicle (EV) technology. The Subaru Crosstrek Hybrid is a plug-in hybrid that combines the efficiency of electric power with the versatility of an SUV. The brand is also collaborating with Toyota to develop a new electric vehicle platform.
Subaru in Motorsports
Subaru has a rich history in motorsports, particularly in rally racing. The brand's involvement in motorsports has significantly influenced its vehicle design and performance characteristics.
World Rally Championship (WRC)
Subaru's participation in the World Rally Championship (WRC) has been one of its most notable motorsports endeavors. The Subaru World Rally Team, with iconic drivers like Colin McRae and Richard Burns, won several championships and helped cement Subaru's reputation for performance and durability.
Subaru Tecnica International (STI)
Subaru Tecnica International (STI) is the motorsports division of Subaru. STI focuses on high-performance tuning and racing, producing performance-enhanced versions of Subaru vehicles, such as the WRX STI. These models benefit from the brand's racing experience and offer advanced engineering and superior performance.
Global Market Presence
Subaru has a strong global market presence, with a significant focus on North America, where it enjoys a loyal customer base. The brand is also popular in regions like Australia, Europe, and Asia.
North America
North America is Subaru's largest market, accounting for a substantial portion of its sales. The brand's rugged, all-weather vehicles resonate well with American and Canadian consumers. Subaru of America, headquartered in Camden, New Jersey, oversees the brand's operations in the United States.
Australia
Subaru is also a popular brand in Australia, known for its reliable and versatile vehicles that suit the country's diverse landscapes. The Subaru Outback and Forester are particularly well-received in the Australian market.
Europe
In Europe, Subaru has a smaller but dedicated following. The brand's AWD capability and safety features are appreciated in countries with challenging weather conditions. Subaru Europe, based in Belgium, manages the brand's operations in this region.
In an ever-evolving automotive landscape, Subaru stands out for its unique blend of technological innovation, safety, and environmental responsibility. By understanding the intricacies of its parent company, manufacturing processes, and market strategies, one can appreciate the complexity and dedication that goes into making Subaru vehicles.
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